Single-cell landscape of immunological responses in patients with COVID-19

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  • 作者:Zhang Ji-Yuan, Wang Xiang-Ming, Xing Xudong, Xu Zhe, Zhang Chao, Song Jin-Wen, Fan Xing, Xia Peng, Fu Jun-Liang, Wang Si-Yu, Xu Ruo-Nan, Dai Xiao-Peng, Shi Lei, Huang Lei, Jiang Tian-Jun, Shi Ming, Zhang Yuxia, Zumla Alimuddin, Maeurer Markus, Bai Fan, Wang Fu-Sheng
  • 期刊:NATURE IMMUNOLOGY
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In coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, the relationship between disease severity and the host immune response is not fully understood. Here we performed single-cell RNA sequencing in peripheral blood samples of 5 healthy donors and 13 patients with COVID-19, including moderate, severe and convalescent cases. Through determining the transcriptional profiles of immune cells, coupled with assembled T cell receptor and B cell receptor sequences, we analyzed the functional properties of immune cells. Most cell types in patients with COVID-19 showed a strong interferon-α response and an overall acute inflammatory response. Moreover, intensive expansion of highly cytotoxic effector T cell subsets, such as CD4+ effector-GNLY (granulysin), CD8+ effector-GNLY and NKT CD160, was associated with convalescence in moderate patients. In severe patients, the immune landscape featured a deranged interferon response, profound immune exhaustion with skewed T cell receptor repertoire and broad T cell expansion. These findings illustrate the dynamic nature of immune responses during disease progression.

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