在流式检测实验中,除了血液样本,几乎所有的样本均为实体组织,如脾脏、肝脏、肾脏、脂肪、肿瘤等,那么为了做好流式的检测,我们首先得将实体组织消化成为活性较佳的单细胞悬液。
那么怎样得到活性较佳的单细胞悬液呢?今天小科为大家带来客户咨询最多的实体组织的单细胞悬液提取,以小鼠脾脏、小鼠肿瘤组织的提取为例,感兴趣的话就跟小科一起往下学习吧。
一、小鼠脾脏单细胞悬液制备
脾脏是体内最大的免疫器官,含有大量的淋巴细胞和巨噬细胞,是机体细胞免疫和体液免疫的中心,负责机体的造血、红细胞清除和免疫功能。一般免疫研究者很难逃过对脾脏的研究,如调节性T细胞、辅助性T细胞、巨噬细胞等的热门研究,均有脾脏的身影,那么怎么获得活性非常好的脾脏单个细胞呢?
详情步骤:
① 获取新鲜的小鼠脾脏,小鼠的脾脏呈椭圆形状,可以直接用镊子拉扯分离。将小鼠脾脏放入预冷的有适量 HBSS(Hanks'平衡盐溶液)缓冲液的培养皿或大小适中的离心管中,并使用手术剪或眼科剪,小心将脾脏剪碎。
② 将细胞筛网放在50 mL 离心管上方,使用一次性移液器,将剪碎后的脾脏转移到细胞筛网轻轻的捣碎或碾压,使其通过筛网。必要时,加入5–10 mL PBS 冲洗。重复上述步骤,可使用1 mL注射器进行验证,若通过筛网的细胞悬液可无阻碍的使用注射器(带针头)进行反复吹打,则可认为单细胞悬液制备完成。
③ 将细胞悬液在4°C下,以400-600 g 或1500 rpm 离心细胞10 min,弃上清,用2–5 mL 预冷的1x PBS 重悬细胞。将重悬液置于冰上备用,必要时可以对细胞进行台盼蓝染色初步判断活率,也可对细胞进行单细胞计数,调整至合适的细胞浓度后根据检测实验目的分别进行染色、上机检测。
二、小鼠肿瘤组织单细胞悬液制备
小鼠肿瘤发病特征和人类肿瘤很相似,因此对人类肿瘤的研究有很高的价值,而对应的小鼠肿瘤动物模型的类型及其建立方法,对肿瘤研究起到至关重要的作用。进一步,如何更好地利用实验材料验证实验结论,关键在于对肿瘤组织的检测方法。其中流式检测肿瘤组织的免疫功能就成了超级热点,那么怎么才能得到活性较好的、干扰较少的肿瘤组织单细胞悬液用于流式检测呢?跟小科一起学习一下吧!
详情步骤:
① 沿肿瘤组织轻轻剪开,尽可能完整的剥离整个肿瘤,将剥离好的肿瘤放入预冷的有适量 HBSS(Hanks'平衡盐溶液)缓冲液的培养皿或大小适中的离心管中,尽量冰上放置保持细胞良好活性。
② 并使用手术剪或眼科剪,小幅度、高频的方式将肿瘤块剪碎,大约剪成<1mm2大小(肉眼看呈泥浆状),整个过程建议在冰上操作,使用适量的 PBS 进行洗涤,1500 rpm 离心10 min,沉淀的组织样本待消化。
③ 每样本加入2-3 mL 配置好的消化液(可根据肿瘤大小调整1×消化液的用量),用1 mL 枪头将肿瘤组织碎末打散,置于37 °C 恒温摇床,300 rpm 摇晃,使酶与组织充分接触,约消化30 min 左右,期间每15 min 取出吹打一次,可取一滴观察细胞分离情况,从而适当调整消化分离时间,消化时间不宜过长,以免影响免疫细胞活性。
④ 消化完毕后,加入3 mL(组织量过多可成倍加入含5%血清的 DMEM 终止消化。用巴氏吸管吸取消化后的肿瘤组织悬液至70 μm 细胞滤网过滤,同时用1 mL 注射器后部研磨遗留在滤网上的组织块,所得悬液4 °C,50 g 离心10 min,收集上清,则为肿瘤细胞悬液。
⑤ 根据所购买的淋巴细胞分离液,对肿瘤悬液进行 PBMC 的提取,提取出中间白膜层后根据检测的实验目的分别进行染色、上机检测。
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